Affliction
Affliction is a stacking debuff that reduces Maximum Hitpoints by 1% per stack and has a maximum stack size of 50.
While there is nothing which provides a chance to ignore affliction, reducing the enemy's hit chance is a useful method of minimizing the amount of affliction stacks applied. For this the protection prayers (
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Protect from Magic,
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Protect from Ranged, and
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Protect from Melee) are particularly useful.